{"id":296991,"date":"2005-03-09T01:00:00","date_gmt":"2005-03-09T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ac-franchise.be\/les-pays-baltes-offrent-aussi-des-potentialites"},"modified":"2005-03-09T01:00:00","modified_gmt":"2005-03-09T00:00:00","slug":"les-pays-baltes-offrent-aussi-des-potentialites","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ac-franchise.be\/article\/les-pays-baltes-offrent-aussi-des-potentialites","title":{"rendered":"Les pays baltes offrent aussi des potentialit\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pauvres, peu peupl\u00e9s, l’Estonie, la Lettonie et la Lituanie sont entr\u00e9s\u00a0dans l’Union Europ\u00e9enne le 1er mai 2004. Ils poss\u00e8dent de nombreux atouts dans l’industrie mais offrent aussi de nouveaux consommateurs de grandes surfaces.<\/p>\n

En fait ces trois pays ont peu de points communs mais se trouvent ensemble coinc\u00e9s entre la mer Baltique et le golfe de Finlande. C’est pourquoi les investisseurs \u00e9trangers viennent majoritairement de l’Europe du Nord : Finlande, Su\u00e8de, Norv\u00e8ge… Ils sont issus de l’ex-Union Sovi\u00e9tique et ont v\u00e9cu des phases de d\u00e9veloppement communes, d’o\u00f9 un h\u00e9ritage assez lourd <\/strong>: celui de l’\u00e9conomie planifi\u00e9e. Ils viennent de loin mais ont progress\u00e9 rapidement. Aujourd’hui les taux de croissance se situent autour de 5 % et les inflations sont ma\u00eetris\u00e9es. Reste un ch\u00f4mage encore important, surtout en Lettonie. Les nouvelles technologies ont \u00e9t\u00e9 vite int\u00e9gr\u00e9es et, avec des salaires bas, les co\u00fbts de production sont faibles. <\/p>\n

L’un des savoir-faire concerne l’industrie textile, dont les exportations vont de 11 \u00e0 16 %. Le bois est une richesse importante, Ik\u00e9a ach\u00e8te par exemple 60 % des bois issus des for\u00eats lituaniennes.\u00a0 Pour la Lettonie aussi l’industrie du bois est\u00a0cruciale,\u00a0elle assure 30 % de ses exportations. Le pin de la Baltique, tr\u00e8s r\u00e9sistant et sans nud, permet de produire un grand choix de meubles. La Lituanie, plus agricole, d\u00e9veloppe le secteur agroalimentaire, la production de lait est en expansion. Du c\u00f4t\u00e9 de l’Estonie c’est le t\u00e9l\u00e9phone mobile qui est roi. Ce petit pays o\u00f9 l’imp\u00f4t n’existe pas pour les b\u00e9n\u00e9fices r\u00e9investis, attire la sous-traitance \u00e9lectronique, Elcoteq fabrique des composants pour Nokia et Ericsson.<\/p>\n

La grande distribution est pr\u00e9sente depuis l’ind\u00e9pendance et entame une expansion importante qui passe par la concentration des grandes surfaces. En Lituanie on a vu en 2002 une augmentation de 15 % du p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre des grandes surfaces et en m\u00eame temps une r\u00e9duction de 8 % du petit commerce. Il en est de m\u00eame en Lettonie. Parall\u00e8lement on voit \u00e9merger une classe moyenne urbaine, avec une population jeune qui assurera de beaux jours aux nouveaux modes de consommation. Les achats alimentaires repr\u00e9sentent 40 % d’un chariot en Lettonie. Le potentiel de croissance est important car le panier moyen, \u00e9valu\u00e9 \u00e0 10 \u20ac, peut progresser. On voit arriver des enseignes sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es, dans l’habillement par exemple. <\/p>\n

On observe \u00e9galement des rapprochements tels ICA-Abold avec le finlandais Kesko. Une mani\u00e8re d’int\u00e9grer le discount et de devenir leader. On suit l’exemple de VP Market qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9 \u00e0 Vilnius au lendemain de l’ind\u00e9pendance en 1992 par neuf copains dont certains \u00e9taient encore \u00e9tudiants. Il est le plus gros employeur priv\u00e9 et poss\u00e8de 177 magasin en Lituanie. Aujourd’hui il est pr\u00e9sent dans les trois pays, un peu moins en Estonie o\u00f9 il doit ouvrir 30 magasins en 2004. Les enseignes sont d\u00e9sormais clairement d\u00e9clin\u00e9es Saulute pour le commerce de proximit\u00e9, Minima le discounter, Media le supermarch\u00e9 et Maxima l’hypermarch\u00e9. Ce groupe doit sa r\u00e9ussite \u00e0 sa comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9. Le prix reste l’argument majeur aussi en pays baltes.<\/p>\n

Vu dans LSA n\u00b0 1852<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pauvres, peu peupl\u00e9s, l’Estonie, la Lettonie et la Lituanie sont entr\u00e9s\u00a0dans l’Union Europ\u00e9enne le 1er mai 2004. Ils poss\u00e8dent de nombreux atouts dans l’industrie mais offrent aussi de nouveaux consommateurs de grandes surfaces. En fait ces trois pays ont peu de points communs mais se trouvent ensemble coinc\u00e9s entre la mer Baltique et le golfe […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[136],"class_list":["post-296991","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-actualites-de-la-franchise","tag-international","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLes pays baltes offrent aussi des potentialit\u00e9s<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Pauvres, peu peupl\u00e9s, l'Estonie, la Lettonie et la Lituanie sont entr\u00e9s\u00a0dans l'Union Europ\u00e9enne le 1er mai 2004. 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